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³ú¿¡¼´Â 12½ÖÀÇ ³ú½Å°æÀÌ ³ª¿À¸ç °¨°¢, Áö°¢, ¿îµ¿ ¹× ºÎ ±³°¨¼ºÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ³ú½Å°æÀº ³úÀÇ ÇØ´ç ½Å°æ ÇÙÀÇ À§Ä¡¿¡ µû¶ó ¾Õ¿¡¼ºÎÅÍ ¼ø¼´ë·Î ¹øÈ£¸¦ ºÙ¿© ½Å°æÀÇ ¸íĪ´ë½Å »ç¿ëÇϱ⵵ ÇÑ´Ù. * 12 CRANIAL NERVE 1) olfactory nerve ( ÈĽŰæ )-°¨°¢½Å°æ (ÈĽŰæ) 2) optic " (½Ã½Å°æ )- (Áö°¢½Å°æ) 3) oculo motor " (µ¿¾È½Å°æ)- ¿îµ¿½Å°æ, ÀϺΠºÎ ±³°¨½Å°æ 4) trochlear " (ȰÂ÷½Å°æ)- ¿îµ¿½Å°æ 5) trigeminal n. (»ïÂ÷½Å°æ)-È¥ÇսŰæ 6) abducens n. (¿ÜÀü½Å°æ)-¿îµ¿½Å°æ 7) facial n. (¾È¸é½Å°æ)-È¥ÇսŰæ, ÀϺΠºÎ ±³°¨½Å°æ 8) vestibulo-cochlear n. (³»ÀÌ ½Å°æ) - Áö°¢½Å°æ, (ÆòÇü°¨°¢ ¹× û°¢) 9) glosso-pharyngeal n. (¼³ÀÎ ½Å°æ) - È¥ÇսŰæ(ÀϺΠºÎ ±³°¨½Å°æ) 10) vagus n. (¹ÌÁֽŰæ)- È¥ÇսŰæ(ÀϺΠºÎ ±³°¨½Å°æ 11) accessory n. (ºÎ½Å°æ)- ¿îµ¿½Å°æ 12) hypoglossal n.(¼³ÇÏ ½Å°æ)- ¿îµ¿½Å°æ 13) Olfactory nerve ( ÈĽŰæ )-Èİ¢À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °¨°¢½Å°æÀ¸·Î¼ ºñ°ÀÇ »óÈĵκΠÁ¡¸·¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇϸç Èİ¢ °¨°¢ÀÇ afferent impulse¸¦ Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù. 14) Optic nerve(½Ã½Å°æ)- Áö°¢½Å°æÀ¸·Î¼ ¾È±¸ÀÇ ¸Á¸·(retina)¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¼¼Æ÷Ãþ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷Ãþ¿¡¼ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÎ ºûÀÇ ÀÚ±ØÀ» ½Ã°¢ ÁßÃß·Î Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù.
15) Oculo motor " ( µ¿¾È½Å°æ)-¿îµ¿½Å°æ( ÀϺΠºÎ±³°¨½Å°æ) À¸·Î¼ 4°³ÀÇ ±ÙÀ°(inf.oblique,sup.inf.medial rectus )ÀÇ ¿îµ¿°ú ¾È °Ë(eyelid)À» ¿Ã¸®°ÔÇÏ´Â Levator palpebrae sup.±ÙÀ°ÀÇ ¿îµ¿.
16)Trochlear " (ȰÂ÷½Å°æ)- ¿îµ¿½Å°æÀ¸·Î¼ sup.oblique muscles ÀÇ ¿îµ¿
17) Trigeminal n. (»ïÂ÷½Å°æ)-È¥ÇսŰæÀ¸·Î¼ ±× Áß Áö°¢½Å°æÀº ¾ó±¼, ¸Ó¸®ÀÇ ÇǺÎ, Ä¡¾ÆÀÇ Á¡¸·À» Áö¹èÇÏ°í ¿îµ¿½Å°æÀº ÀúÀÛ ±Ù ¾Ç ¼³°ñ ±Ù°ú ¾ÇÀ̺¹±ÙÀÇ Àüº¹À» Áö¹èÇÑ´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡¼ 3°¡Áö·Î branch µÈ´Ù. 1 Ophthalmic division(¾È½Å°æ)- ¼ø¼ö Áö°¢½Å°æÀ¸·Î¼ ant.scalpÀÇ ÇǺÎ,upper eyelid,& nose,nasal cavitymucosa, cornea, and lacrimal gland.ÀÇ °¨°¢À» Áö¹èÇÑ´Ù. 2 Maxilary division (»ó¾Ç½Å°æ)-¼ø¼öÁö°¢½Å°æÀ¸·Î¼ Nasal cavity ,mucosa,,palate,upper teeth, skin of cheek, upper lip, lower eye lid ¸¦ Áö¹èÇÑ´Ù. Mandibular division(ÇϾǽŰæ)-Áö°¢½Å°æ ¹× ¿îµ¿½Å°æÀ¸·Î¼ ant.tongue(except taste bud), lower teeth, skin of chin, temporal region of scalp,ÀÇ °¨°¢À» Áö¹èÇϰí,ÀúÀÛ±ÙÀÇ proprioceptor ¹× ¿îµ¿½Å°æÀ» Áö¹èÇÑ´Ù.
18) Abducens Nerve(¿ÜÀü½Å°æ)-Áַο ½Å°æÀ¸·Î¼ lateral rectus ÀÇ ¾È±¸ÀÇ È¸Àü¿îµ¿ À» Áö¹è
19) Facial Nerve(¾È¸é½Å°æ)-È¥ÇսŰæÀ¸·Î¼ ÁÖ·Î motor·Î¼ ¾ó±¼ÀÇ ½Å°æÀ» Áö¹èÇϸç 5°³ÀÇ Branch ·Î ¼¼ºÐµÈ´Ù. Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical 1 ¾ó±¼±ÙÀ°ÀÇ motor impulse ¸¦ Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù. 2 ºÎ±³°¨ motor impulse¸¦ lacrimal gland, nasal and sublingual gland¿¡ Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù. 3 ÇôÀÇ ant. 2/3 taste budÀÇ sensory impulse ¸¦ Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù.
20) Vestibulo-cochlear n. (³»À̽Űæ)-Áö°¢½Å°æ,(ÆòÇü°¨°¢ ¹× û°¢) 1 vestibular branch(ÀüÁ¤½Å°æ)- ÆòÇü°¨°¢ÀÇ afferent impulse¸¦ Àü´Þ 2 cochlear branch(¿Í¿ì½Å°æ)- û°¢ afferent impulse¸¦ Àü´Þ
21) Glosso-pharyngeal n. (¼³ÀνŰæ)-È¥ÇսŰæ(ÀϺκα³°¨½Å°æ) À¸·Î¼ Áö°¢½Å°æÀº ÇôÀÇ ÈÄ1/3 Áö°¢ ¹× ¹Ì°¢À» ´ã´çÇϸç swallowing , gag reflex ¸¦ ´ã´çÇÏ´Â sup.pharyngeal muscleÀÇ motor impulse ¸¦ Áö¹èÇϸç parotid salivary glandÀÇ ºÎ±³°¨ ½Å°æÀ» Áö¹èÇÑ´Ù.
22) Vagus n. (¹ÌÁֽŰæ)- È¥ÇսŰæ(ÀϺκα³°¨½Å°æ)À¸·Î¼ ¿îµ¿½Å°æÀº Èĵαٰú ¿¬±¸°³ ¹× ÀεÎÀÇ ±ÙÀ°À» Áö¹èÇϸç, ÀϹÝÁö°¢ ½Å°æÀº ÀεÎ,ÈĵÎ,½Äµµ,±â°üÁö,Æó,½ÉÀå ¹× º¹ºÎÀÇ ³»ÀåÀ» Áö¹è ÇÑ´Ù. Ư¼öÁö°¢½Å°æÀº Èĵΰ³ºÎ±ÙÀÇ ÇôÀÇ ¹Ì°¢À» Áö¹èÇϸç, ºÎ ±³°¨½Å°æÀº ÈäºÎ ¹× º¹ºÎ³»ÀåÀÇ ÆòȰ±ÙÀ» Áö¹èÇÑ´Ù.
23) Accessory n. (ºÎ½Å°æ)- ÁÖ·Î ¿îµ¿½Å°æÀ¸·Î¼ ½Â¸ð ±Ù°ú Èä¼â À¯µ¹ ±ÙÀ» Áö¹èÇÑ´Ù
24) hypoglossal n.(¼³ ÇÏ ½Å°æ) - Áַο½Å°æÀ¸·Î¼ ÇôÀÇ intrinsic &extrinsic muscle¿¡ somatic motor fiber¸¦ Àü´ÞÇϸç ÇôÀÇ ¿¬Çϳª speech¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù.
b. zygomatic br. c. buccal br. d. man. " e. cervical br.
¿ì¸® ¸öÀÇ skin Àº somatic sensory neuronÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¼ skinÀÇ impulseÀ» spinal cord ¿Í brain stem À¸·Î Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù. ¸ðµç spinal nerve´Â sensory & motor neuron Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Ư¡ÀûÀ¸·Î °è¼ÓÇÏ¿© ¸ðµç body ¸¦ control Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
¿ì¸® ¸öÀÇ skin Àº somatic sensory neuronÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¼ skinÀÇ impulseÀ» spinal cord ¿Í brain stem À¸·Î Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù. ¸ðµç spinal nerve´Â sensory & motor neuron Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Ư¡ÀûÀ¸·Î °è¼ÓÇÏ¿© ¸ðµç body ¸¦ control Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
a. pre-auricular nerve 1) motor group 2) sensory " b. post- auricular nerve
ANT POST 1) lat. pterygoid br. 1) auricular temporal nerve. 2) masseteric br. 2) middle meningeal nerve. 3) temporal br. 3) lingual nerve. 4) buccal br. 4) inf. alveolar nerve. - mental foramen.
Ao - gasserian ganglion 1. cranial cavity - meningeal br 2. spinopalatine fossa 3. infra orbital canal middle sup. dental n. - third molar ant. sup. dental n. - incisor, canine 4. face labial - lips nasal - skin of nose palpebral - skin 7 conjuntiva ![]() ±×¸² 10-17 maxillary nerve from plate 40 Netter¡¯s anatomy
- descending br. of facial nerve ff communication a) optic ganglion b) lingual nerve supply 1) dorsum of ant. 2/3 tongue 2) sub mandibular gland lingual gland sub lingual gland
a) C5-3Â÷½Å°æ (trigeminal nerve) b) C7-¾È¸é½Å°æ(facial n. ) c) C9-¼³ÀνŰæ(glossopharyngeal n.) 1 C12(¼³ÇϽŰæ(hypoglossal n.)
Áö°¢ ¹× ¿îµ¿ÀÇ È¥ÇսŰæÀ¸·Î Áö°¢Àº ¾È¸é ¹× µÎºÎÀÇ ÇǺÎ,±¸°¹× ºñ°ÀÇ Á¡¸· ±×¸®°í Ä¡¾Æ¹× ÁöÁöÁ¶Á÷¿¡ ºÐÆ÷Çϰí, ¿îµ¿Àº ÀúÀÛ±Ù, ¾Ç¼³°ñ±Ù ¹× ¾ÇÀÌ º¹±ÙÀüº¹ÀÇ ¿îµ¿À» ´ã´çÇÑ´Ù. »ïÂ÷½Å°æÀº ³ú¿¡¼ ³ª¿Í ÃøµÎ°ñÀÇ ÃßüÀÇ »ïÂ÷½Å°æ¾ÐÈç (trigeminal impression) ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â »ïÂ÷½Å°æÀý¿¡¼ (trigeminal ganglion) ¿¡ À̸£°í, »ïÂ÷½Å°æÀý¿¡¼ ´ÙÀ½ 3°³ÀÇ ½Å°æ°¡Áö°¡ ³ª¿Â´Ù. Á¦ 1 Áö - ¾È ½Å°æ (ophthalmic n.) Á¦ 2 Áö - »ó¾Ç½Å°æ (maxillary n.) Á¦ 3 Áö - ÇϾǽŰæ (mandibular n.)
ÀÚÀ²½Å°æÀº ±³°¨½Å°æ(Sympathetic nerve)°ú ºÎ±³°¨½Å°æ(parasympathetic nerve)À¸·Î ±¸ºÐµÇ¸ç Ç÷°ü,¼±,³»Àå,µî¿¡ ºÐÆ÷ÇÏ¿© ¹«ÀÇ½Ä ¶Ç´Â ¹Ý»çÀûÀ¸·Î Á¶ÀýÇÑ´Ù. Áï HoemeostasisÀ» À¯ÁöÇÑ´Ù. CNSÀÇ control ¾øÀÌ ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î function µÇ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ANS¶ó ºÒ¸®Áö¸¸ »ç½ÇÀº hypothalamus ,medulla oblongata ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ Á¶Àý ¹Þ´Â´Ù. A. Autonomic motor neuron 1 preganglionic neuron - cell body °¡ brain or spinal cord ³»¿¡ ÀÖ´Â myelinated axonÀ» preganglionic fiber ¶ó ºÎ¸£¸ç postganglionic neuron °ú synapse µÈ´Ù. Sympathetic division ÀÇ cell bodies of preganglionic neuron Àº 12°³ÀÇ thoracic segment ÀÇ lateral gray horn °ú lumbar segmentÀÇ 1-2 or 3ÀÌ´Ù. para Sympathetic divisionÀÇ of preganglionic neuronÀº cranial nerve ¥² ¹ø oculomotor , ¥¶¹ø facial nerve, ¥¸¹ø Glosso-pharyngeal n. ¥¹¹ø vagus nerveÀÇ 4 ½ÖÀÇ ÇÙ¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇϰí sacral segmentÀÇ 2¹øÂ°¿¡¼ 4¹øÂ°ÀÇ lateral gray horn °ú brain stem¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. 2 postganglionic neuron- ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î CNS ¹Ù±ùÂÊ¿¡ Àִµ¥ cell body ¿Í dendrite´Â autonomic ganglion ¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇϰí preganglionic fiber ¿Í synapse µÈ´Ù.unmyelited µÈ Axon of postganglionic neuronÀ» postganglion fiber ¶ó ÇÑ´Ù. ![]() ±×¸² 10-19 Autonomic motor neuron p.489 from principles anatomy &physiology 8 th edition B. Autonomic Ganglia 1. Sympathetic ganglia Skull base¿¡¼ºÎÅÍ coccyx ±îÁö vertebral column¿¡ ¾çÂÊÀ¸·Î ¼öÁ÷À¸·Î ¹è¿µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. Sympathetic divisionÀ¸·Î preganglionic fiberÀ» ÀνÄÇϹǷΠpara vertebral ganglia ¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù.
2. prevertebral (collateral) ganglion Sympathetic divisionÀ¸·Î preganglionic fiberÀ» ÀνÄÇϸç ÀÌ groupÀº spinal columnÀÇ ¾ÕÂÊ¿¡ À§Çϸç large abdominal artery ¿Í ±ÙÁ¢µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ![]() ±×¸² 10-21 P.491 from principles anatomy &physiology 8 th edition 3 parasympathetic ganglia preganglionic fiber°¡ terminal ganglia¿Í synapse µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. |